Wednesday, March 14, 2012

REPORTED SPEECH GRADE 8



USE





We use reported speech when we want to reproduce what somebody says or said. 
When we report what somebody said in the past we have to change the tense(s) 
we use in reported speech. 
These tenses usually go one step back into the past.
Ex: “I feel tired”, he said.
He said that he felt tired.


CHANGES IN TENSES

¡ PRESENT SIMPLE                          â PAST SIMPLE
¡ PRESENT CONTINUOUS                â PAST CONTINUOUS
¡ PAST SIMPLE                                âPAST PERFECT
¡ PAST CONTINUOUS                      â PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
¡ PRESENT PERFECT                       â PAST PERFECT
¡ PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS â PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
¡ PAST PERFECT                               â PAST PERFECT
¡ PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS       â PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
¡ SIMPLE FUTURE                            â PRESENT CONDITIONAL
¡ PRESENT CONDITIONAL              â PERFECT CONDITIONAL
¡ CAN                                                â COULD
¡ MAY                                               â MIGHT
¡ MUST                                              â MUST OR HAD TO



CHANGES IN TIME / PLACE

Time/place references are also changed in reported speech:
¡ TODAY                                 â THAT DAY
¡ NOW                                    â THEN
¡ YESTERDAY                         â THE DAY BEFORE
¡ TOMORROW                        â THE NEXT DAY
¡ NEXT WEEK/MONTH            â THE FOLLOWING WEEK/MONTH
¡ LAST WEEK/MONTH            â THE WEEK/MONTH BEFORE
¡ AGO                                     â BEFORE
¡ THIS (TIME)                         â THAT
¡ THIS/THAT / + NOUN            â THE + NOUN
¡ HERE                                    â THERE
¡ GO                                        â COME





SAY AND TELL

In reported statements we often use the verbs “say” and “tell”. 
We use 'say' when there is no indirect object:
He said that he was tired.
Always use 'tell' when you say who was being spoken to (i.e. with an indirect object):
He told me that he was tired.
When we use “say” with an indirect object we must use the preposition “to” before the indirect object:
He said to me that she was very happy to be with him.



REPORTING VERBS IN THE PRESENT

We do not need to change the tense if the reporting verb is in the present, 
or if the original statement was about something that is still true:
“Mary wants to go to the disco”, Peter says.

Peter says that Mary wants to go to the disco.
“Mary’s boyfriend lives in Paris”, Sue told me.

Sue told me that Mary’s boyfriend lives in Paris.




EXERCISE   1    (introductory verb in the present) 

1.     Ana: “I live in New York”.
… … ......Ana says that she lives in New York……………………………………
2.    Tom: “I work in a bank”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.     Cindy: “I am 15 years old”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.     David: “I like rock music”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5.     Juliette “I don't have a computer”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6.     Carmen “my favorite color is purple ”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.     Tom and Jack: “We have mobile phones”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.     Janet “I love Friday”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9.     Theodore “I can't stand the sight of blood”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10.   Maria “My brother is older than me”.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………


EXERCISE   2     (introductory verb in the past)

Put the following statements into reported speech. 
Use the introductory verb in the past. 

1.     “Mary and Paul are going to get married next week”, Jim said.

………Jim said that Mary and Paul were going to get married the following week……

2.     “If Mum has time, she will make a cake for your birthday”, she said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3.     “I often ask my father to help me with my homework”, Bill said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4.     “He spent the afternoon reading before his wife arrived”, Mary said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5.     “I´m very happy because I have just got my driving license”, I said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6.     “We have been shopping this afternoon”, my friends said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7.     “If she accepts me, we will get married in June”, Peter told me.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8.     “Dave says he loves playing computer games”, my brother told me.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9.     “I can´t go to the party. I’ve got a terrible headache”, Jim said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
10.   “Bill’s father gets angry when his son arrives late”, they said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11.   “She doesn’t like doing the housework. She says it is boring”, I said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12.   “John got a big present for his last birthday!, his brother said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
13.   “My father must travel a lot because he’s a salesman”, she said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14.   “He’s got the biggest nose I have ever seen”, Marta said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
15.   “If he drives so fast, he will have an accident”, his friend said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
16.   “He studied very hard and got an excellent mark”, his teacher said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
17.   “I want to be a basketball player when I grow up”, Tim said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
18.   “There are three people waiting at the bus stop”, she said.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………











EXERCISES GRADE 5

GAME: WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE ANIMALS?


http://kidseslgames.com/grammar%20games/Comparatives%20&%20Superlatives/comparativesandsuperlatives.html



GAME: PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE


http://kidseslgames.com/grammar%20games/Present%20Simple/presentsimple1.html




GAME: PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

http://kidseslgames.com/grammar%20games/Present%20Continuous/presentcontinuous1.html


Wednesday, March 7, 2012

FUN FACTS ABOUT COUNTRIES

CHINA

http://www.tooter4kids.com/china/fun_facts_about_china.htm


SPAIN
http://www.eyeonspain.com/spain-magazine/fun-facts.aspx
http://gospain.about.com/od/factsaboutspain/qt/culture_facts.htm

ALASKA
http://www.alaskasbest.com/facts.htm

Wednesday, February 29, 2012

Activities for grade VIII Revision Units 3 and 4 Dream Team


GROUP 1


Task number 1
ü  Change the sentences from passive to active form

1.   The Eifel Tower is visited by hundreds of people every day.
_______________________________________________________
2.   Australia is called the land down under by many people.
_______________________________________________________
3.   Our homework is done regularly by us.
_______________________________________________________
4.   My clothes are bought from Mango by me.
_______________________________________________________
5.   The books are left in the library by the librarian.
_______________________________________________________
6.   The door is always closed by the doorman.
_______________________________________________________
7.   His teeth are regularly checked by the dentist.
_______________________________________________________
8.   Passengers are carried in large double-decker busses.
_______________________________________________________
9.   Small dogs are kept in a special area of the veterinary station by the employees.
_______________________________________________________
10. Smoking isn’t allowed in this room by the owners.
_______________________________________________________

Task number 2
ü  Go online, read the article ICE CREAM and answer the questions:
1.    When and where was ice-cream first found?
______________________________________________________________
2.    How many liters of ice-cream are consumed each year worldwide?
______________________________________________________________
3.    How many flavors of ice-cream are available?
______________________________________________________________

Suggested pages:
GROUP 2

Task number 1
ü  Change the sentences from passive to active form

1.   The Pyramids were built thousands of years ago by the Egyptians.
_______________________________________________________
2.   Several robberies were committed during the night by the notorious Robson brothers.
_______________________________________________________
3.   The Oscars were presented by many famous movie stars.
_______________________________________________________
4.   The tray of food was dropped by the waiter.
_______________________________________________________
5.   His birthday party was celebrated in the most expensive hotel.
_______________________________________________________
6.   The famous singer was accompanied by a bodyguard.
_______________________________________________________
7.   The steam engine was invented by Thomas Savery.
_______________________________________________________
8.   The houses in this neighborhood were painted by Robert Black.
_______________________________________________________
9.   The children were shown tricks by the famous magician.
_______________________________________________________
10. The tigers were kept in a separate area of the zoo by the zookeepers.
_______________________________________________________

Task number 2

ü  Go online, read the article TYPES OF FAMILIES and answer the questions:
1.    What is a family?
______________________________________________________________
2.    Name the types of families?
______________________________________________________________
3.    Which type of family is common for areas of the world such as Asia?
______________________________________________________________

Suggested pages:






abstract ideas
people and ideas
female
occupations
being “without”
being “full of”









Task number 2

ü  Go online, read the article GREEN TEA and answer the questions:
1.    Why is green tea good fro you?
______________________________________________________________

2.    Why is green tea popular?
______________________________________________________________

3.    How many different kinds of tea are there in the world?
______________________________________________________________



Suggested pages:



Group 4


Task 1
ü  Complete the following exercise using the First Conditional.
1) If you _____________(to dive) into this river, you _____________( (to hurt) yourself.
2) If the sun _____________( (to shine), the children _____________( (to play) outside.
3) Richard _____________( (to walk) to school if he _____________( (to miss) the bus.
4) Emily _____________( (to buy) the cola if you _____________( (to pack) the picnic basket.
5) If I _____________( (to be) in Venice, I _____________( (to rent) a boat.

ü  Complete the following exercise using the Zero Conditional.
1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)
_______________________________________________________________
2. (my husband / cook / he / burn the food)
_______________________________________________________________
3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)
_______________________________________________________________
4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)
_______________________________________________________________
5. (you / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock)
______________________________________________________________


Task number 2
Go online, read the article USES OF GOLD and answer the questions:
1.    Why is the mixture of gold better?
______________________________________________________________

2.    What were thin pieces of gold used for in medieval Europe?
______________________________________________________________

3.    Why is gold used in photography?
______________________________________________________________

2.    Name the types of families?
______________________________________________________________
3.    Which type of family is common for areas of the world such as Asia?
______________________________________________________________



1.    They have got a priceless ____________________of porcelain ______________ dolls. (collect, China)
2.    They are learning _____________________ at college. (Japan)
3.    There are twenty-four hours of _________________ in Norway in December. (dark)
4.    My brother causes my parents a lot of __________________ when he behaves badly. (embarrass)
5.    I would like some ____________________ about train times, please. (inform)


Task number 2
ü  Write the nouns.
1.    express          ______________________
2.    employ           ______________________
3.    inform                        ______________________
4.    agree              ______________________
5.    entertain        ______________________
6.    happy             ______________________
7.    kind                ______________________


Task number 3
ü  Go online, read the article SLEEP WELL and answer the questions:
1.    What are the results of not getting enough sleep?
______________________________________________________________

2.    What is a sleep schedule?
______________________________________________________________

3.    What is tryptophan and where is it found?
______________________________________________________________

Suggested pages: